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71.
To describe axial dispersion, particle film mass transfer, intraparticle diffusion, and the chemical reaction of the substrate for enzymes immobilized in porous particles in packed columns, we have developed mathematical models for first- and zero-order limits of Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Steady-state solutions were derived for both long and short column boundary conditions and for plug flow. Theory was compared to experiments by hydrolysis of sucrose catalyzed by invertase bound to porous glass particles. Steady-state conversions were measured for a range of flow rates. Pulse response experiments with inert packing were used to determine values of bed void fraction and particle porosity. 相似文献
72.
G. Cipriani G. Lot W.-G. Huang M. T. Marrazzo E. Peterlunger R. Testolin 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1999,99(1-2):65-72
We report the sequences of 17 primer pairs of microsatellite loci, which we have cloned and sequenced from two genomic libraries
of peach [Prunus persica (L) Batsch] ‘Redhaven’, enriched for AC/GT and AG/CT repeats respectively. For ten of these microsatellite loci we were able
to demonstrate Mendelian inheritance in a segregating back-cross population; the remainder did not segregate. The polymorphism
of the microsatellites was evaluated in a panel of ten peach genotypes, including true-to-type peaches, nectarines and one
canning-peach. Fifteen microsatellites (88%) were polymorphic showing 2–4 alleles each. The mean heterozygosity, averaged
over all loci, was 0.32 and significantly higher than that reported in the literature for isozymes and molecular markers,
such as RFLPs and RAPDs. We have also assayed the cross-species transportability and found that ten microsatellite (59%) gave
apparently correct amplification in all Prunus species surveyed, namely P. domestica (European plum), P. salicina (Japanese plum), P. armeniaca (apricot), P. dulcis (almond), P. persica var. vulgaris (peach), P. persica var. laevis (nectarine), P. avium (sweet cherry) and P. cerasus (sour cherry), with three of them also being amplified in Malus (apple). The remaining microsatellites gave less-extensive amplification. Because of their appreciable polymorphism and wide
cross-species transportability, most of these new markers can be integrated into the linkage maps which are currently being
constructed in peach, as well as in other stone fruit crops, such as almond, apricot, cherry and plum.
Received: 3 September 1998 / Accepted: 28 November 1998 相似文献
73.
Gervassi AL Probst P Stamm WE Marrazzo J Grabstein KH Alderson MR 《Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)》2003,171(8):4278-4286
CD8(+) T cells are a key immune component for the eradication of many intracellular pathogens. This study aims to characterize the human CD8(+) T cell response to naturally processed chlamydial Ags in individuals exposed to the intracellular pathogen Chlamydia trachomatis. By using C. trachomatis-infected autologous dendritic cells (DCs) as stimulators, Chlamydia-reactive CD8(+) T cell responses were detected in all 10 individuals tested. The majority of the Chlamydia-reactive CD8(+) T cells were non-MHC class Ia restricted in all three of the individuals tested. From one donor, three non-class Ia-restricted and two class Ia-restricted Chlamydia-specific CD8(+) T cells were cloned and characterized further. All five T cell clones secreted IFN-gamma in response to autologous DCs infected with viable Chlamydia, but not with DCs pulsed with inactivated chlamydial elementary bodies. MHC class Ia-restricted and non-class Ia-restricted responses were inhibited by DC treatment with a proteasomal inhibitor and an endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi transport inhibitor, suggesting that these T cells recognize a peptide Ag translocated to the host cell cytosol during infection that is processed via the classical class Ia Ag-processing pathway. Even though both restricted and nonrestricted CD8(+) T cells produced IFN-gamma in response to Chlamydia-infected fibroblasts, only the non-class Ia-restricted cells were lytic for these targets. The class Ia-restricted CTLs, however, were capable of cytolysis as measured by redirected killing. Collectively, these data demonstrate that both class Ia-restricted and non-classically restricted CD8(+) T cells are elicited in C. trachomatis-exposed individuals. Their role in host immunity remains to be elucidated. 相似文献
74.
Cipriani G Marrazzo MT Marconi R Cimato A Testolin R 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2002,104(2-3):223-228
We have isolated and sequenced 52 microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSRs) from nearly 60 positive clones obtained
from two ’Frantoio’ olive genomic libraries enriched in (AC/GT) and (AG/CT) repeats, respectively. The repeat-containing fragments
obtained from genomic DNA restricted with Tsp509I were separated using a biotinylated probe bound to streptavidin-coated paramagnetic beads. Fragments were then cloned into
lambda ZAPII vector and sequenced. Thirty of the 36 primer pairs which gave correct re-amplification in the source genome
were used to assay the polymorphism of 12 olive cultivars, namely four well-known cultivars (’Coratina’, ’Frantoio’, ’Leccino’,
’Pendolino’) and eight ancient cultivars grown locally near Lake Garda (’Casaliva’, ’Favarol’, ’Fort’, ’Grignan’, ’Less’,
’Raza’, ’Rossanel’, ’Trep’). The local cultivars were each re- presented by two to four long-lived individuals. The analysis
was carried out using 33P-labelled primers and 6% polyacrylamide sequencing gels. All except two microsatellites showed polymorphism, the number of
alleles varying from 1 to 5. The average genetic diversity (H) was 0.55. The power of discrimination (PD) was 0.60. All cultivars, including the local ones, were easily separated from each other. Variations in the SSR pattern
were observed among individual plants of the same cultivar in four out of the eight local cultivars analysed. Several primer
pairs (17%) amplified more than one locus.
Received: 23 March 2001 / Accepted 17 May 2001 相似文献
75.
76.
Norimah AK H. C. Koo Hamid Jan JM Mohd Nasir MT S. Y. Tan Mahendran Appukutty Nurliyana AR Frank Thielecke Sinead Hopkins M. K. Ong C. Ning E. S. Tee 《PloS one》2015,10(10)
Background
Diets rich in whole grain are associated with several health benefits. Little is known however, about whole grain consumption patterns in Malaysia. The aim of this study was to assess whole grain intakes and dietary source in Malaysian children and adolescents.Methods
This analysis is from the MyBreakfast study, a national cross sectional study investigating eating habits among primary and secondary school children throughout Malaysia, conducted in 2013. Children (n = 5,165) and adolescents (n = 2,947) who completed two days of dietary assessment using a food record or recall respectively were included. The whole grain content of foods was estimated mainly through the use of quantitative ingredient declarations on food labels. All wholegrain foods were considered irrespective of the amount of whole grain they contained.Results
Overall, only 25% of children and 19% of adolescents were wholegrain consumers. Mean daily intakes in the total sample were 2.3g/d (SD 5.8g/d) in children and 1.7g/d (SD 4.7g/d) in adolescents and in the consumer’s only sample, mean intakes reached 9.1g/d (SD 8.6) and 9.2g/d (SD 7.1g/d) respectively. Wheat was the main grain source of whole grain while ready to eat breakfast cereals and hot cereals were the main food contributors. Less than 3% of the children and adolescents reached the US quantitative whole grain recommendation of 48g/day.Conclusion
Whole grain is consumed by only a minority of Malaysian children and adolescents and even among consumers, intakes are well below recommendations. Efforts are needed to firstly understand the barriers to whole grain consumption among Malaysian children in order to design effective health promotion initiatives to promote an increase in whole grain consumption. 相似文献77.
Functional normalization of 450k methylation array data improves replication in large cancer studies
Jean-Philippe Fortin Aurélie Labbe Mathieu Lemire Brent W Zanke Thomas J Hudson Elana J Fertig Celia MT Greenwood Kasper D Hansen 《Genome biology》2014,15(11)
We propose an extension to quantile normalization that removes unwanted technical variation using control probes. We adapt our algorithm, functional normalization, to the Illumina 450k methylation array and address the open problem of normalizing methylation data with global epigenetic changes, such as human cancers. Using data sets from The Cancer Genome Atlas and a large case–control study, we show that our algorithm outperforms all existing normalization methods with respect to replication of results between experiments, and yields robust results even in the presence of batch effects. Functional normalization can be applied to any microarray platform, provided suitable control probes are available.
Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13059-014-0503-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献78.
79.